Structures and Properties of Metals
Course Description
The performance of a metal component is not random; it is dictated by four interconnected hierarchical levels: Processing → Structure → Properties → Performance. As materials engineers, we cannot change chemistry easily, but we can dramatically alter structure to achieve desired properties such as hardness or toughness. This course bridges the gap between microscopic atomic arrangements and macroscopic mechanical testing.
What you'll learn in this course?
Differentiate between crystalline structures (BCC, FCC, HCP) and predict mechanical behavior based on atomic packing.
Analyze defect mechanisms (dislocations, grain boundaries) to explain yield strength and ductility.
Evaluate phase transformation diagrams (Iron-Carbon) to justify heat treatment processes.
Apply structure-property relationships to solve common industrial failure modes (fatigue, creep).
Course Curriculum
- Introduction: The Performance Pyramid
- The Metallic Bond: The Glue of Ductility
- Crystal Lattices vs. Amorphous Structures
- Unit Cell Geometry: BCC (Body-Centered Cubic)
- Unit Cell Geometry: FCC (Face-Centered Cubic)
- Unit Cell Geometry: HCP (Hexagonal Close-Packed)
- Calculating Atomic Packing Factor (APF)
- Anisotropy in Single Crystals
- Section Summary: Perfect Lattices
- Section 2: The Imperfect Reality
- Point Defects: Vacancies & Interstitials
- Line Defects: Edge Dislocations (Intro)
- Line Defects: Screw Dislocations
- Dislocation Motion & Slip Systems
- Grain Boundaries & Hall-Petch Relationship
- Visualizing Grain Size Effects
- Strengthening Mechanisms: Solid Solution
- Strengthening Mechanisms: Precipitation & Work Hardening
- Section 3: Phase Diagrams (The Road Map)
- The Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram (Key Regions)
- Phases in Steel: Ferrite (α)
- Phases in Steel: Austenite (γ)
- Phases in Steel: Cementite (Fe■C)
- The Eutectoid Reaction: Pearlite
- Reading the Diagram: Hypoeutectoid Steel (AISI 1020)
- Reading the Diagram: Hypereutectoid Steel (AISI 1095)
- Section Summary: Phase Diagrams
- Section 4: Heat Treatment (Transformation Kinetics)
- The TTT Curve (Isothermal Transformation)
- Diffusion-Controlled Products: Pearlite & Bainite
- Diffusionless Transformation: Martensite
- Tempering (The "Giving Back" Step)
- Hardenability vs. Hardness (Jominy Test)
- Common Heat Treatment Cycles
- Section 5: Mechanical Failure in Service
- Fracture Mechanics: Ductile vs. Brittle
- Fatigue Failure (The Silent Killer)
- Creep (High Temperature Deformation)
- Environmental Failure: Corrosion & Hydrogen
- Summary of Key Concepts
- Structures and Properties of Metals